But even on the map of the pre-Roman tribes of Iberia, we see a region called Lusitania, and a tribe of Seurbi in it. We also see variations Plovan, Ploeven and Plven. In the English - Polabian dictionary you will find phrases with translations, examples, pronunciation and pictures. The King of Prussia promised (1815) to Poles ethnic rights in the new Grand Duchy of Pozna created from the Duchy of Warsaw, but in practice the language right died in 1830. Many Miami members have described the language as "sleeping" rather than "extinct" since it was not irretrievably lost. Niklot m Polabian, History. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. For Polabian, the following segments are reconstructable:[2]. Old Polish spelling. In the words of Strabo: The country north of the Tagus, Lusitania, is the greatest of the Iberian nations, and is the nation against which the Romans waged war for the longest times.. In modern Germany there is a large number of Slavic location names. What was the Belgae origin then? This is an interesting discovery and deserves further research. (!). The language left some traces in current toponymy; for example, Wustrow "Place on the island", Lchow (Polabian: Ljauchw ), Sagard, Gartow, etc. From where? The German Version adds that Saxo Grammaticus mentions it as Liuticha but that it belonged to Wagri, another Slavic tribe. Its interesting as well that in this Lusitania theres a major city named Braga. S win wibdoreni wzwmm n swedumm a moj pustpuwat samt w ab brotyrstwo. How to pronounce Polabian (audio) \ : a member of a Slavic people formerly dwelling in the basin of the Elbe and on the Baltic coast of Germany. 3 minutes. Language Polabian Region. Immediately before the language became extinct, several people started to collect phrases and compile wordlists, and were engaged with folklore of the Polabian Slavs, but only one of them appears to have been a native speaker of Polabian (himself leaving only 13 pages of linguistically relevant material from a 310-page manuscript). 1 reference. This book appears as an answer to a felt need: to catalogue and describe those languages, making up the vast majority of the world's six thousand or more distinct tongues, which are in danger of disappearing within the next few features of the Polabian language as it existed on the eve of its disappear-ance. Also the place name derives from the West Slavic language Polabian, in which the word " dum " for family and home is. S win wibdoreni wzwmm n swedumm a moj pustpuwat samt w ab brotyrstwo. Do not let us forget that Germany killed Prussians as early as in the 15th century and usurped their tribal name for several hundred years. The Byzantine Revival was an architectural revival movement, most frequently seen in religious, institutional and public buildings. It was spoken in the area located about 120 km southeast from Hamburg (Germany). With their death, the language died also, although a limited vocabulary is preserved in various writings. It was spoken approximately until the rise to power of Prussia in the mid-18th century when it was superseded by Low German in the areas of Pomor (Mecklenburg-West Pomerania), central (Mittelmark) part of Branibor (Brandenburg) and eastern Saxony-Anhalt (Wittenberg originally part of Bla Serbia), as well as in eastern parts of Wendland (Lower Saxony) and Dravnia (Schleswig-Holstein), Ostholstein and Lauenburg). [29], Yola, a sister language to English and Scots which became extinct in 1998 has undergone an attempted revitalization and revival movement. The city of Salamanca, bordering with the territory of Lusitania, was known as Salmatica by the Romans. One of their most important cities was Samarobriva (modern Amiens) in the Belgian valley of the Samara. The most important monument of Polabian is the so-called Vocabularium Venedicum (16791719) by Christian Hennig. Indo-European level of Serbian identity. [1] The last native speaker of Polabian, a woman, died in 1756, and the last person who spoke limited Polabian died in 1825. It was spoken until about the 18th century when it was superseded by the German language in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg ( Mittlemark) and Saxony-Anhalt, as well as in Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein. It flows through the modern Czech Republic and Germany. After that, it seems that he gets a bit confused. The Gabble Ing Yola resource center for Yola materials claims there are approximately 140 speakers of the Yola language today. This is the same toponym as the Samara of the Volga river. Although used in liturgy, and to a limited extent commerce, it was extinct as a language used in everyday life until its revival. Polish has five major dialects, spoken in Silesia, Malopolska, Mazovia, Wielkopolska and Kashubia. Polabian definition: a member of a Slavic people who once lived in the Elbe River basin and on the Baltic | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Feminine form of Jaime 1. Another tribe of this region, Ausci, was probably of Basque origin. In 2010, UNESCO reclassified the language from "extinct" to "critically endangered". Proto-Germanic language probably developed as a blend of two branches of Indo-European languages, namely the Proto-Balto-Slavic language of the Corded-Ware culture (R1a-Z283) and the later arrival of Proto-Italo-Celto-Germanic people from the Unetice culture (R1b-L11). Polabian is an extinct Lechitic language spoken among the Polabian Slavs ( German: Wenden) in present-day Germany near Elbe River. In short, there is no reason to have the word Germanic in this text whatsoever, unless you are trying to fit modern genetic research in the outdated version of history. Published language and culture resources include: A related project at Miami University concerns ethnobotany, which "pairs Miami-language plant names with elders' descriptions of traditional plant-gathering techniques. But to do so we will have to leave the mainstream history and speculate on the alternative versions. Studies Anthropological Linguistics, Indigenous Languages, and Phonology. The initial member to galvanize the language revitalization is Quirina Geary. It is believed to be one of the most difficult languages in the world. This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 22:02. It was closely related to the neighboring Pomeranian and Kashubian languages, and only attested in a very small number of manuscripts, dictionaries, and other writings from the 17th and 18th centuries. Darker shade just indicates higher elevation. Heine and Kuteva 2006: 129; Geist 2011) and the extinct Polabian language (Reindl 2008: 133). The etymology of Nervii is unknown. Join over 600.000 users and help us build the best dictionary in the world. Scholars agree only that they were Indo-European speakers, and they settled here around the 6th century BC. It has around 96,000 inhabitants, and is thus the least populous of all German state capitals. Once a large confederation of independent tribes, Polabian Slavs were gradually assimilated into France, Germany, Czech Republic, Poland, and other neighboring countries. Indeed, if we look at the map of Gaul, we see that all potential Slavic tribes are grouped they all occupy the coastal area. Sanskrit was a pan-Indian language in Vedic times[citation needed] but lost its prominent place among spoken dialects in modern India. Their capital was Dax. Third of the group were Polabians, with the main stronghold of Racibrz (later Ratzenburg). Genetics confirms this Slavic assimilation. Sjungta woarda tg Geima, My translation of the Article 1 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights into Polabian language (wenska rec): Wiswibcna Deklaracja Clwcenych Prow. We are a participant in affiliate advertising programs designed to provide a means for us to earn fees and financially support this website. Grey: Former settlement area of the Polabian Slavs. Later, it was a noble family Sarnow Polabian (Germanized), German From the village of Sarnow in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. A similar version appears on Wikipedia article on Wends. Polish language (jzyk polski, polszczyzna) is a Lechitic language of the West Slavic language family spoken by about 44 million people particularly in Poland, but also in other countries of Europe and with minorities in other countries. From Southeast Asia to North America, people are working to revitalize languages that have few native speakers remaining. Here is a map on which all of such tribal names are underlined for easier reference. Polabian Slavs ( Lower Sorbian: Poobske Sowjany , Polish: Sowianie poabscy , Czech: Polabt Slovan ) is a collective term applied to a number of Lechite tribes who lived along the Elbe river in what is today Eastern Germany. Its etymology is unclear. For Polabian the following segments are reconstructable:[4]. You can help Languages Wiki by adding to it. Polabian cognate of Jaromir. The Polabian language is an extinct West Slavic language that was spoken by the Polabian Slavs (German: Wenden) in present-day northeastern Germany around the Elbe (aba/Laba/Labe in Slavic) river, from which derives its name ("po Labe" - unto Elbe or [traveling] on Elbe). The UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010) declares Lazuri as a language that is definitively endangered. Download Unionpedia on your Android device! The root word is *treb home, building. But the culture could not be considered Proto-Germanic it was simply Proto-Indo-European at that stage, or perhaps Proto-Balto-Slavic. According to mainstream history, Lusitanian Sorbs arrived in Germany from someplace east, not west about 1,000 years later. [20], Chochenyo: The Muwekma Ohlone Tribe of California has revitalized the Chochenyo language, which was last spoken in the 1930s. Reduced vowels were very short, so much that the transcribers (who mostly spoke Low German) sometimes omitted them in places where they could be expected, which was probably not caused by the ellipsis of said vowels, but rather by their very short duration. The official etymology, claims a Germanic origin: Germanic in origin, reconstructible as *liudik-, from *liudiz people, found in Dutch lui(den), lieden, German Leute. The first mention is from the 1st century AD and the 6th-century Byzantian historians consider them as ancestors of Slavs. They consider Veneti of the north to be Gauls and Veneti of Adriatic Indo-European. Which languages or accents sound funny to you? The extinct Polabian language, which bordered the Sorbian dialects in eastern Germany, was spoken by the Slavic population of the Elbe River region until the 17th or 18th century; a dictionary and some phrases written in the language exist. tk kak no Sime, CHRISTIANITY AND GERMANIZATION OF THE POLABIAN SLAVS Aestis, language (dialect of Lithuanian, Latvian- Baltic) extinct 18'th century, but is used still by very few in its revival form. Polabian Slavs shared their territory with numerous other nations, mainly Celtic and Gaulic. An extinct language is a language that no longer is the first language or the second Cornish: (Dolly Pentreath, last fluent speaker, died 1777) (undergoing attempts at revival) all Costanoan languages (which make up a subfamily of the Utian language Polabian (a Slavic language): (late 18th century) Salinan: (ca. What does it sound like to you? They also appear in Britain. But if the modern German word for people is Leute, while liudi (lyudi) means people in virtually all Slavic languages, can this etymology really be reconstructible as Germanic? Polish is the official language of Poland. Approximately 60,000 of them still speak a Slavonic language. November 28, 2018The term language revival refers to a community of speakers halting or reversing the decline of language, or reviving an extinct one. The basic facts are that Kashubian is definitely a Slavic language (with a significant amount of loan words from German, and historical influence from Low German, as well as Old-Prussian and Polabian, both extinct), and the only descendant of the once vibrant so-called Pomeranian dialects (another extinct language in this category is Slovincian). Ne Wader, Ni bringoy ns ka Wariknye, unclear expressions 187 vii. This page was last edited on 26 November 2017, at 00:56. Venetian language. Ni wiedanneisna Stgeiba doy nm dns, Northern part of Germany few million of people may be interested to knew language of its ancestors. Eupedia article on R1a states the following: The first major expansion of R1a was the westward propagation of the Corded Ware (or Battle Axe) culture (2800-1800 BCE) from the Yamna homeland. The Center seeks to "deepen Myaamia connections through research, education, and outreach." And yet no historian dares to connect them to Lusitanian Sorbs of Germany. The Polabian language was a West Slavic language that was spoken by the Polabian Slavs (German: Wenden) in present-day northeastern Germany around the Elbe (aba/Laba/Labe in Slavic) river, from which derives its name ("po Labe" - unto Elbe or [traveling] on Elbe). publication date. : Reversing Language Shift, Revisited: A - Joshua A. Fishman - Google Books, Hokkaido: A History of Ethnic Transition and Development on Japan's Northern - Ann B. Irish - Google Books, Multicultural Japan: Palaeolithic to Postmodern - Donald Denoon, Mark Hudson - Google Books, "BBC News - Cornish language no longer extinct, says UN", "A million and a half Israelis struggle with Hebrew", "The Little Tribe That Could. [ reply] Support nl:Gebruiker:Boudewijn Idema , 13:50 , 19 March 2006 (UTC) September 6, 2016 " Polabian Slavs " is a name for the group of Slavic tribes that had once inhabited the area around the river Elbe. According to one, it means crow, raven, or Vrana in Slavic. There are at least three such toponyms in Slavic countries today. The Belovaci territory stretched between the French city of Beauvais and the Oise River, some 70-80km from Paris. The aim of the paper is to identify all Polabian words continuing the *-declension class and accompany them with comprehensive linguistic and, when necessary, philological comments. A revived language is one that, having experienced near or complete language extinction as either a spoken or written language, has been intentionally revived and has regained some of its former status. Alternative searches for polabian language:. In the case of alliance with other tribes, the voting would happen again between the tribal representatives. Polabian is an extinct Lechitic language spoken among the Polabian Slavs ( German: Wenden) in present-day Germany near Elbe River. The Province of Len government supports the knowledge of this language through courses, by celebrating "Leonese Language Day" and by sponsoring literary efforts in the Leonese language, such as "Cuentos del Sil", where nine writers from teenagers to people in their eighties develop several stories in Leonese. Another example is Pleuven (Pluwenn). Bendy and the Dark Revival: Con Erin Lehn, Tim Simmons, Dave Rivas, Lauren Synger. Braga is in fact one of the older, more archaic toponyms for the capital city of Prague .. which is spelled Praha in Czech, but can also be rendered as Praga, or more anciently, Fraga and/or Braga. It was a central plank of German liberal thinking in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, at a period when liberalism and nationalism went hand-in-hand. 1. The Polabian language is the language of the Slavs who inhabited the northeastern part of modern Germany. Chapter to appear in: J. Fellerer & N. Bermel (Eds. As Moshe Nahir writes, more than a century ago Jews living in Palestine before the establishment of the state of Israel successfully turned . Maj wszystko co cechuje postp technologiczny, innowacj i pomysowo. This word is exclusively Slavic, but even near the Adriatic Veneti we have the Italian city of Trogir. We see that options Leutici, Leuticians, Leutizi and Leutizans were also popular in both, Latin and German. It is a very popular toponym in this French region. Polabian had free and mobile stress, which means its placement could not be predicted based on the shape of the word, and it could shift to other syllables in inflection and derivation, much like in Russian. English Wikipedia. Unfortunately, only the Polish Wikipedia article is available, but this article lists some thirty Slavic toponyms in Poland and Czech republic connected to this tribe. Every two weeks, an Indigenous language dies. In linguistics, Germanisation also occurs when a word from the The only part of the modern German population that still retains its Slavic language and culture is the Lusatians. So does the word alba. kak moy wittedoyime nem Grsmarim, Most varieties of Czech and Slovak are mutually intelligible, forming a dialect continuum (spanning the intermediate Moravian dialects) rather than two clearly distinct languages; standardised forms of these two languages are however easily distinguishable and recognizable, because of disparate vocabulary, orthography, pronunciation, phonology, suffixes and prefixes, Recent changes. For this reason, scholars try to translate it with Greek *tragos, male goat (?) . But the name is clearly Slavic, as evident from numerous Slavic toponyms, such as Trgovite. As of 2012 there were sixty-nine pupils undergoing their education through the medium of Manx at the Bunscoill Ghaelgagh. Use Elementor\Controls_Stack::register_controls() em seu lugar. It is you, however, that equate the implications of what a "Pole" is in the 1300s to the implications of what a "Pole" is in the 1900s. (Plb. snow tha product baby father It was spoken approximately until the rise to power of Prussia in the mid-18th century - when it was superseded by Low German . It was spoken until about the 18th century when it was superseded by the German language in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg ( Mittlemark) and Saxony-Anhalt, as well as in Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein. It was spoken until about the 18th century when it was superseded by the German language in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg (Mittlemark) and Saxony-Anhalt, as well as in Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein. . Wikipedia article on Lutici offers different variations of the spelling of their name throughout history. kok wa Nebisgy, The Polabian language is an extinct West Slavic language that was spoken by the Polabian Slavs (German: Wenden) in present-day North-Eastern Germany around the Elbe (Laba in Slavic) river, from which derives its name ("po Labe" - along the Elbe).It was spoken approximately until the mid-18th century, when it was superseded by German, in the areas of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, central Brandenburg . What does polabian language mean? From Polabian bur "farmer" and the Germanized Slavic ending -witz. As usual, their origins are presumably Germanic, even though there is no firm evidence for such claims. The region where the Lazi people live is called Lazona (Benninghaus, 1989). For the first time an attempt to conquer them was undertaken by Charlemagne. Intellectual property, all rights reserved, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), The untold stories of the Merovingian dynasty, ancientjaphethicnationsandydnafafdc51gmail, Just how Slavic is East Germany? The book reconstructs the structure of Miami-Illinois. The Polabian languagewas a West Slaviclanguage that was spoken by the Polabian Slavs(German: Wenden) in present-day northeastern Germanyaround the Elbe(aba/Laba/Labein Slavic) river, from which derives its name ("po Labe" - unto Elbeor [traveling] on Elbe). Shigeru also began the Nibutani Ainu Language School in 1983, the first Ainu school in Japan. The Polish language is most closely related to the extinct Polabian-Pomeranian dialects (whose only live representative is Kashubian) and together with them is classified by Slavicists into the West Lechitic subgroup of the Slavic languages. In short, Germanic languages are a mix of the older Proto-Balto-Slavic and younger Proto-Italo-Celtic-Germanic people. 19.Jan.2022 9:00 AM . Some authors relate this dynasty to the Slavic tribe of Moravichi (neighbors of Lusatian Sorbs and Lutici) Interestingly, in those days there werent serious hostilities between Franks and Polabian Slavs. We just saw that the Frankish and Germanic conquest of the Slavic territories is a historical fact. The organization has its headquarters in New Delhi, and U.S. chapter headquarters in San Jose, California. Jacint Verdaguer i Santal (1845 1902) was a writer, regarded as one of the greatest poets of Catalan literature and a prominent literary figure of the Renaixena, a cultural revival movement of the late Romantic era [ more] Jaima f Occitan, Catalan, Spanish. The reign of Merovingians was a surprisingly short one, and their dynasty was replaced by that of Charlemagne the father of Europe, a man who will reshape forever the borders of the old continent, and restore once again the power of Rome. Immediately before Polabian's extinction, several people began collecting phrases, compile wordlists, and were engaged in folklore of the Polabian Slavs, but only one of these people, Johann Parum Schultze, appears to have been a native speaker of the language, leaving 13 pages of linguistically important material from a 310-page manuscript. Thank you for your article, its opened up some more probable theories for my ideas of ancient European migrations. Yes and no. This name was borne by several Princes of Rgen. Burg Stargard (Polabian Stargart, is a small town in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Niklot (1090 - August 1160) was a chief or prince of the Slavic Obotrites and an ancestor of the House of Mecklenburg. 08-30-2013, 01:50 PM #68: Dabrowski. Glottolog code. That a ethnic group is designated - or even recognized - has very little to do with the modern understanding of "nation". Indeed, if you read Old Czech documents from 1,000+ years ago, its not uncommon to see the citys named spelled Fraga or indeed, Braga. Lazuri is a Southwest Caucasian language spoken by ca. Welcome to my channel! However, Diodorus Siculus wrote in the 1st century BC: Those who are called Lusitanians are the bravest of all Cimbri. The excellent description of the phonology and morphology by T. Lehr-Splawinski (Gramatykapolabska, Lwow, I927) replaced the earlier has been a vigorous revival of Polabian studies, principally in Poland and Germany. Not too far from Sorbon is the village Pron, and Perun was the Slavic god of thunder. Although the Lazuri alphabet was first established around the late 20s by a native folklorist, named Iskender Tsitasi, who published periodicals and poems until 1938, there were many obstacles to learn and to teach Lazuri due to the lack of language learning resources and limited documentation of the language (interview with language activist smail Avc Bucaklii in Istanbul, April 2012). Interestingly, no one connects these names with Triballi and Dacians of the Balkans, even though it is precisely them who were the neighbors of Boii. ilanguages Slavic languages offered: Belarusian, Bulgarian, Czech, Macedonian, Polish, Russian, Slovak, Slovene and Ukrainian. It flows through the modern Czech Republic and Germany. ns m Polabian. The Polabian languageis an extinct West Slavic language that was spoken by the Polabian Slavs (German: Wenden) in present-day northeastern Germany around the Elbe (aba/Laba/Labe in Slavic) river, from which derives its name (po Labe - on Elbe or up to Elbe). Some of the languages that have already disappeared were Inuit languages, spoken in the far reaches of the Arctic. [12], The Dalmatian language was spoken in Dalmatia, a coastal region of Croatia, in the Middle Ages. For this reason, only, he thinks that it is better to call them Germanic. Sources: Polabsky and Baltic Slavs // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron Pervolf I. I. Germanization of the Baltic Slavs Slavic chronicles. Hebrew was considered impractically archaic or too sacred for day-to-day communication, although it was, in fact, used as an international language between Jews who had no other common tongue; several Hebrew-medium newspapers were in circulation around Europe at the beginning of the 19th century, and a number of Zionist conferences were conducted exclusively in Hebrew. It was spoken approximately until the rise to power of Prussia in mid-18th century - when it was superseded by Low German . The northern neighbor of Lusitanian Sorbs was the Lutici tribe, now extinct. Audrey must now navigate the studio, ally with iconic cartoon characters such as . The meaning of POLABIAN is a member of a Slavic people formerly dwelling in the basin of the Elbe and on the Baltic coast of Germany. Interestingly, the etymology of this name is Selkup (Samoyedic),\ and comes from ang mouth and gi () river. The Indian guided missile program that was commenced in 1983 by DRDO has named the five missiles (ballistic and others) that it has developed as Prithvi, Agni, Akash, Nag and Trishul. WikiZero zgr Ansiklopedi - Wikipedia Okumann En Kolay Yolu Such statements on the ancient origin of a name bring to mind Fishmans notion (1972: 7) of stressed authenticity, whereby ancient terms provide the necessary trappings of legitimacy to a linguistic revival. Steam Community: Driftland: The Magic Revival. History knows these events as the Wendish crusade. All vowels except // and // were full vowels and could only occur in stressed syllables, or in the syllable immediately preceding primary stress, unless it was itself preceded by a syllable with secondary stress. This is a hangover from the times when every Slavonic tribe used its own language which slowly developed and changed over centuries. It was also found that language revitalisation programs experience a number of problems, represented in complexity of the language, existence of other languages to revive, government support and . Moreover, are these Seurbi and Albiones related to Serbs and Albanians of the Balkans? There are numerous similar examples, but we will only focus on the names of the Gaulish tribes, as recorded by the Romans. Probably the surname comes from the Lutici tribe but French Wikipedia lists three etymologies of his name. Polabian is an extinct Lechitic language spoken among the Polabian Slavs (German: Wenden) in present-day Germany near Elbe River. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. The highlighted English Wikipedia briefly mentions that the city was taken from Slavs in the 12th century. This is obvious from the samples of other Germanic countries. 0 references. Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! The alternative theory is that the root treb designated sacrificial altars. But the fact is that their name sounds similar to that of the Slavic Trzebowianie (Trebouane, Tebovan). Vila. A number of attempts to revive Sanskrit have been made from the 18th century onward. After I found out about Dalmatian I researched it some more and found that there is now a revival of the language with around 20 fluent speakers. Wikipedia article translates this name as white in Indo-European. [21][22][23] As of 2009, many students were able to carry on conversations in Chochenyo.[24]. The Free Dictionary. Plus, a good few hundreds of years ago, Poland was governed by German law which saw a number of German legal terms becoming pretty common in Old Polish. topic/Polabian-language. Literature from the Medieval and Tudor periods, and fragments, including grammars, from the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries survived, which allowed Cornish to be reconstructed by a small group of Celtic enthusiasts in the 20th century as part of the Celtic Revival. If their language, Waimiri-Atroari, dies, they will have been forced to acculturate linguistically to survive. They mainly occupied the coastal areas, from Russia to Poland, and from Germany to France and Portugal. Polabian Slavs (Lower Sorbian: Poobske Sowjany, Polish: Sowianie poabscy, Czech: Polabt Slovan) is a collective term applied to a number of Lechite tribes who lived along the Elbe river in East Germany. Its medieval name was Angers. But in this article, we will focus only on the Slavs. polabian language revival. Because Lazuri is primarily an oral language, and all new speakers tend to grow up bilingual (typically speaking Lazuri and Turkish), the language is at risk of extinction (e.g., Yuksel-Sokmen & Chasin, 2008). It took place at the end of 17th century in form of dictionaries, the . Polabian Slavs is a name for the group of Slavic tribes that had once inhabited the area around the river Elbe.