Slu Presidential Scholarship 2021, Articles S

subvert labour movement activities in Nigeria; that is, Military government demoralize union right, Problems of internal democracy is a threat to trade . The upper chamber, which is known as the Senate, consists of 109 members who are called senators. We have JSS & SSS lesson notes. The Nigerian Police Force and troops have participated in: Nigerian officers have served as Chiefs of Defence in other countries, with Brigadier General Maxwell Khobe, serving as Sierra Leone Chief of Staff in 19981999,[44] and Nigerian officers acting as Command Officer-in-Charge of the Armed Forces of Liberia from at least, 2007. Registration of birth, death, and marriage certificates (take a look at your birth certificate, now you understand, right?). Also Read: Cost of Nigerian International passport. (ret.) )services: 56.4% (2017 est. Provision of security to its citizens lives and properties. Guest post Nigeria is a Rentier state. ), improved: urban: 81.6% of populationrural: 41.4% of populationtotal: 62.3% of populationunimproved: urban: 18.4% of populationrural: 58.6% of populationtotal: 37.7% of population (2020 est. However, the coup led to greater problems for the country. Every governor has a deputy governor to help in overseeing the affairs of the state. )-1.79% (2020 est. One of the survivors of the coup, Olusegun Obasanjo, succeeded Muritala Mohammed and he promptly set up civilian government and the state of affairs was maintained until 1983. There were 9 casualties as a result of this attempt. )$5,100 (2019 est. ), conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeriaconventional short form: Nigeriaetymology: named for the Niger River that flows through the west of the country to the Atlantic Ocean; from a native term "Ni Gir" meaning "River Gir", name: Abujageographic coordinates: 9 05 N, 7 32 Etime difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)etymology: Abuja is a planned capital city, it replaced Lagos in 1991; situated in the center of the country, Abuja takes its name from a nearby town, now renamed Suleja, 36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Federal Capital Territory*, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nasarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara, Independence Day (National Day), 1 October (1960), history: several previous; latest adopted 5 May 1999, effective 29 May 1999amendments: proposed by the National Assembly; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of both houses and approval by the Houses of Assembly of at least two thirds of the states; amendments to constitutional articles on the creation of a new state, fundamental constitutional rights, or constitution-amending procedures requires at least four-fifths majority vote by both houses of the National Assembly and approval by the Houses of Assembly in at least two thirds of the states; passage of amendments limited to the creation of a new state require at least two-thirds majority vote by the proposing National Assembly house and approval by the Houses of Assembly in two thirds of the states; amended several times, last in 2018, mixed legal system of English common law, Islamic law (in 12 northern states), and traditional law, accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Nigeriadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 15 years, chief of state: President Maj. Gen. The top 5 citizens of Nigeria are: Ever wondered how governments raise and spend money? The arms of government can be referred to as the branches of government in Nigeria. The minister of state is not a different minister on his own but instead an assistant to the minister he is attached to. The President of Nigeria functions as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, exercising his constitutional authority through the Ministry of Defence, which is responsible for the management of the military and its personnel. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Supreme military council was created by Muhammed Buhari while Muritala Muhammed. Like, comment, and share, Wow, very detailed, very good work. Learn more about the creation of the 36 state and capital in Nigeria. 1861-1914 - Britain consolidates its hold over what it calls the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria, governs through local leaders. Corruption has historically weakened the Nigerian military's capacity to face internal security threats, and is cited as being responsible for the continued longevity of rebels and terrorists operating throughout the nation. Presidential and legislative elections were held in early 2019 and deemed broadly free and fair despite voting irregularities, intimidation, and violence. note: data are in current year dollars$69.927 billion (2019 est.) It is composed of the Head of State, Chief of General Staff, Minister of Defense; service chiefs of the Army, Air force and Navy, Inspector General of Police, Attorney General and all military Governors. Establishment of research institutes, educational institutions, health care facilities, etc. There are five operational bases; five forward operational bases (with two more soon to come on stream), two dockyards located in Lagos and Port Harcourt and two fleets based in Lagos and Calabar. )8.53% (2019 est. note: data are in current year dollars$39.937 billion (2020 est.) The coup plotters attacked Ibadan, Lagos and Kaduna within a period of 2 days. )exports: 12,000 metric tons (2020 est. )wine: 0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. This led to June 12 elections in 1993 but the result of this election was cancelled. Military intervention could be prevented with the eradication or reduction in the level of corruption in Nigeria by politicians. The federal government is the top notch level of government in the Nigerian government structure. )biomass and waste: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Gowon was succeeded by Muritala Mohammed but his administration was also shortlived and in February 1976, General Muritala Mohammed was assassinated by Buka Suka Dimka in a violent coup attempt. They have the following duties to perform: Now, lets talk about the arms of government in Nigeria. Scholarships )beer: 0.73 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. The Commission was concerned with all the public services of Nigeria including the local government. )expenditures: $19.54 billion (2017 est. It is led by the President of Nigeria. Subsequently, 69 soldiers of different ranks were accused of treason and were subsequently executed by firing squad. After this coup, Lt Colonel Yakubu Gowon was sworn in to power. Most members of the SMC under Gowon were state governors. )9.71% (2020 est. A new constitution established a federal system with an elected prime minister and a ceremonial head of state. The Structure of Military Rule in Nigeria The Head of State/President The Supreme Military Council (SMC); the Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC) The National Council States The Council of Ministers The Judiciary The Civil Service D. Achievements of the Military Rule in Nigeria Infrastructural developments e.g. The Nigerian Air force is currently headed by Air Marshal Isiaka Oladayo Amao. structure of military government in nigeria. So there was a break from military rule between 1976 and 1983. But the manner with which Aguiyi Ironsi took over meant that his stay in power wouldnt last for long. )crude oil and lease condensate imports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est. )industrial: 1.965 billion cubic meters (2017 est. The current head of the Joint Task Force in Niger Delta is Rear Admiral Akinjide Akinrinade. ), women married by age 15: 15.7%women married by age 18: 43.4%men married by age 18: 3.2% (2018 est. Nigeria is divided administratively into the Federal Capital Territory (Abuja) and 36 states, which are organized into the following six zones: South-West ZoneLagos, Ekiti, Ogun, Ondo, Oshun,. ), $26.847 billion (2019 est. Conflicttriggered by political competition and communal, ethnic, religious or resource allocation rivalriesposes a major threat to democracy. )agricultural: 5.51 billion cubic meters (2017 est. The president is head of both state and government, and leads the Federal Executive Council (cabinet). The people should resist military rule through peaceful mass disobedience. In ancient and pre-colonial times, the area of present-day Nigeria was occupied by a great diversity of ethnic groups with different languages and traditions. \(\overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=} \). By Posted jordan schnitzer house In strengths and weaknesses of a volleyball player No matter how diligent a company headquarter is, it cannot reach all corners in the nation, so it creates divisions to oversee activities at various levels in a bid to attain efficient administration. Provision of amenities which include public education, affordable quality healthcare, electricity, affordable housing, good roads, and other utilities. The House of Assembly of each state consists of 3 x the total number of seats that state has in the House of Representatives. )methane emissions: 143.99 megatons (2020 est. Shortly after its formation, the NAF was engaged in combat operations against the secessionist state of Biafra, during the Nigerian Civil War from 1967 to 1970. This coup was also masterminded by Muritala Muhammed and he thereafter assumed power. )imports: 77,000 metric tons (2020 est. The lower chamber is known as the House of Representatives. British influence and control over what would become Nigeria and Africa's most populous country grew through the 19th century. Nigeria is divided administratively into the Federal Capital Territory (Abuja) and 36 states, which are organized into the following six geo-political zones: South-West ZoneLagos, Ekiti, Ogun, Ondo, Oshun, and Oyo; South-South ZoneAkwa, Bayelsa, Cross River, Delta, Edo, Ibom, and Rivers; South-East ZoneAbia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu, and Imo; Particularly, due to the fact that many of the leaders and military officers murdered during that coup were northerners. It is the level of government that is closer to the people and is within the people. Economic Systems. Nigeria held a successful democratic election in 1999 which led to the election of Olusegun Obasanjo as the President on the 29thof May 1999. It was adopted in its original form May 29 1999 in Abuja at the dawn of the Nigerian fourth republic. In spite of this contraction in the size and funding of its Armed Forces, Nigeria would boast the only military in West Africa capable of engaging in foreign military operations, such as during its intervention in Liberian civil war in 1990. Presently, Nigeria has 774 local government councils, hence, 774 local government chairmen. The future of Nigerian politics lies in tolerating civilian governance. Creation of employment opportunities, and friendly environment for businesses to grow. The military history of Nigeria since the colonial rule began precisely on the 1 st October 1966. The Air Force did not get a combat capability until a number of MiG-17 aircraft were presented by the Soviet Union in 1966. [33][34][35] This doctrine of African military intervention by Nigeria is sometimes called Pax Nigeriana.[36]. )consumption: 18,787,602,000 cubic meters (2019 est. African Studies Review 13, no. ), -$1.849 billion (2021 est. The military history of Nigeria since the colonial rule began precisely on the 1 st October 1966. Nigeria's Military Is Part of the Problem. )$1.014 trillion (2020 est. 4. The governor is the Chief pilot of the state plane, and has the power to appoint the rest of his cabin crew, which are the commissioners and advisers (unlike the federal level where they are called ministers). A complete overhaul is needed, including accountability for human rights abuses, if Nigerians are not to be left at the mercy of Boko Haram and other armed groups. After these failed coups, there was an alleged coup attempt but it seemed the government of Babangida at this point had decided to concede to the pressure of handover. Like the United States, Brazil, and India, Nigeria is structured as a federation, a structure it inherited from its British colonial rulers. The Armed Forces Ruling Council: This consist of the Head of State and the Commander In- Chief of the Armed Forces of Nigeria, the Service Chiefs, Inspector General of Police, the Minister of Justice and Attorney General of the Federation and the Secretary to the military Government. Im just going to give a quick list here. This includes the acquisition of new armored vehicles, combat aircraft and aerial reconnaissance drones, and the refurbishing of naval vessels, which had suffered from a prolonged periods of poor or minimal maintenance. )percent of population: 36% (2020 est. Each state has its local government areas into which it is divided into. Corruption pervades the daily lives of Nigerians. Niger is one of the poorest countries in the world with minimal government services and insufficient funds to develop its resource base. Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon, total: 923,768 sq kmland: 910,768 sq kmwater: 13,000 sq km, about six times the size of Georgia; slightly more than twice the size of California, total: 4,477 kmborder countries (4): Benin 809 km; Cameroon 1,975 km; Chad 85 km; Niger 1,608 km, territorial sea: 12 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nmcontinental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation, varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north, southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north, highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 mlowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 mmean elevation: 380 m, natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land, agricultural land: 78% (2018 est. All names, acronyms, logos and trademarks displayed on this website are those of their respective owners. National Economic Council. (d) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by an act of the National Assembly. Don't want to keep filling in name and email whenever you want to comment? By this, we hope to be able to raise enrollment numbers and reduce the poor academic performance of students and the drastic failure rates in exams while also working to enhance Instructional Practice among Teachers using familiar channels of interaction to train and empower them on the use and adoption of technology. [26], The Nigerian Navy (NN) is the sea branch of the Nigerian Armed Forces. ), nairas (NGN) per US dollar -358.811 (2020 est. )note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49, 917 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. This was the supreme decision-making body in the country. The training command headquarters are located in Lagos, the commercial capital of Nigeria, but with training facilities spread all over Nigeria. ), 15.946 million Lagos, 4.348 million Kano, 3.875 million Ibadan, 3.840 million ABUJA (capital), 3.480 million Port Harcourt, 1.905 million Benin City (2023), at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/femaletotal population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2023 est. formal Government Structure for Real Governance Impact in Nigeria By Samson R. Akinola, PhD1 and Ayo Adesopo, PhD2 . )forest: 9.5% (2018 est. Since then, in its top-level positions, the country has been ruled by military or police officers, with one solitary civilian governor in the Ibo East Central State. Olusegun Obasanjo, who by 1999, had become president, bemoaned the fact in his inaugural address that year: " Professionalism has been lost my heart bleeds to see the degradation in the proficiency of the military. (3) The composition of the officer corps and other ranks of the armed forces of the Federation shall reflect the federal character of Nigeria. [22] The army itself is governed by the Nigerian Army Council (NAC). That policy statement did not deter Nigeria under Generals Ibrahim Babangida in 1990 and Sani Abacha in 1997, from sending ECOMOG peacekeeping forces under the auspices of ECOWAS into Liberia and later Sierra Leone, when the civil wars broke out in those countries. Protection of lives and properties of its citizens. )$22.755 billion (2018 est. Age structure 0-14 years: 40.69% (male 47,978,838/female 45,940,446) 15-64 years: 55.95% (male 64,923,147/female 64,241,948) 65 years and over: 3.36% (2023 est.) Unlike the Senate, the seats at the House of Representatives are not equally shared between the states. This led to a counter coup six months later which resulted in the death of Aguiyi Ironsi and Adekunle Fajuyi who was hosting the Military Head at his residence in Ibadan. [6] According to Global Firepower, the Nigerian Armed Forces are the fourth-most powerful military in Africa, and ranked 35th on its list, internationally. People Ive done 10yrs studying this, just did in 10mins, Oasdom.com 2015 - 2022 Blogten Limited, The Nigerian Government Structure Explained, The Top 10 Best Colleges In UK (QS Ranking), Top 51 Best University In Nigeria (Latest), The history of Abuja How it was created, List of all Nigerian presidents from 1960 till date, creation of the 36 state and capital in Nigeria, The History and Impacts of Military Rule in Nigeria, Updated list of 20 local governments in Lagos state and their wards, History of Military Rule in Nigeria Causes and Impacts, Nigerian taxation and tax system explained, Nigerian Government revenue allocation and sharing formula, The relationship between the three tiers of government in Nigeria. The masses should be given political education so as to be able to fight for their right when it is being infringed upon. )$42.839 billion (31 December 2018 est. Immigration largely of West Africans continues to be insufficient to offset emigration and the loss of highly skilled workers. The federal executive arm, legislative arm and also the judiciary are the components in the Nigerian government structure that collectively work together to help achieve a flawless federal system. Structure [ edit] The Nigerian Army as of 2016 consisted of some 6,000 officers and 150,000 enlisted personnel. Description: This topic (Structure And Weaknesses Of Military Rule In Nigeria) has 1 lesson. In summary, we use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. It's Also the Solution. The policies that govern the country cutting across the states to the lowest level of government are formed at the federal level. )-$13.685 billion (2019 est. The local government reforms of that year made some fundamental changes in the structure, The judiciary branch of the Nigerian government structure is laden with the responsibility of interpretation of the law, and ensures compliance with these laws. National Mass Media Commission; 5. Lets talk about each of these arms as they make the pieces of the Nigerian government structure a complete one. [25] The Nigerian Army has been playing a major role in defence of Nigerian Democracy since the first republic till date. Aguiyi-Ironsi (January 16, 1966 July 29, 1966), General Yakubu Gowon (August 2, 1966 July 29, 1975), General Murtala Mohammed (July 29, 1975 February 13, 1976), General Olusegun Obasanjo (February 14, 1976 September 30, 1979), Major-General Muhammadu Buhari (December 31, 1983 August 27, 1985), General Ibrahim Babangida (August 27, 1985 August 26, 1993), General Sani Abacha (November 16, 1993 June 8, 1998), General Abdulsalami Abubakar (June 9, 1998 May 29, 1999). The roles of a country's armed forces are entrenched in her constitution. )-$15.986 billion (2020 est. )government consumption: 5.8% (2017 est. In 1956, the Nigeria Regiment of the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF) was renamed the Nigerian Military Forces, RWAFF, and in April 1958, the colonial government of Nigeria took over from the British War Office control of the Nigerian Military Forces. Lets the do the maths, we have 36 states in Nigeria, these states have 3 senatorial districts each and a senator is elected from each senatorial district, making 36 x 3 = 108 senatorial districts = 108 senators. Nigeria is a federal presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President is both head of state and head of government, and of a multiparty system. Interestingly, the Ernest Shonekan led administration had been set up as an interim government due to pressures on the Babangida led administration from both international and local quarters. Military regimes are by their nature autocratic; they are insensitive to the opinions or the demands of the people. Government West-African Constitutional Development Nigerian Military Rule. Every Nigerian citizen must know about the government structure and to help you grasp the structure of the Nigerian government, this article presents all you need to know as it comes with texts, images and video. Nigeria operates a bicameral legislature at the federal level, and a unicameral legislature at the state level. Student Guides The 109th senator comes from the federal capital territory, as only one senator can be elected from there. Section 217-220 of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria thus addresses the Nigerian Armed Forces: The Nigerian Army (NA) is the land branch of the Nigerian Armed Forces and the largest among the armed forces. On this date, March 4 in 1999, military government freed the remaining people imprisoned two years ago for . Nigeria is dominantly made of three prominent regions: the North (Hausa Fulani), the West (Yorubas) and the East (Igbos) with minorities in other regions.The military took over the leadership. Unless specified, this website is not in any way affiliated with any of the institutions featured. Local government must enjoy substantial autonomy to But on the 17thof November, 1993, General Sani Abacha staged a coup that overthrew the Ernest Shonekan administration. The Council of Ministers: This consists of the President, Vice President and the ministers some of whom were military officers, while others were politicians. This LOCAL GOVERNMENT COUNCIL comprises of the local government chairman, who is the C. E. O of the local government areas (a president at the local government level), and his Councillors, other elected members (like ministers too but at the local government level). )exports: 0 kWh (2019 est. It starts with the three tiers of government in Nigeria. Disclaimer. The Nigerian Air Force was formally established in January 1964, with technical assistance from West Germany. This arose from the monumental annulment, by the Babangida military regime, of the June 12 1993, presidential election, adjudged by . ), household consumption: 80% (2017 est. ), fresh water lake(s): Lake Chad (endorheic lake shared with Niger, Chad, and Cameroon) - 10,360-25,900 sq kmnote - area varies by season and year to year, Niger river mouth (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, Benin, and Niger) - 4,200 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km)Internal (endorheic basin) drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km), Lake Chad Basin, Lullemeden-Irhazer Aquifer System, largest population of any African nation; significant population clusters are scattered throughout the country, with the highest density areas being in the south and southwest as shown in this population distribution map, the Niger River enters the country in the northwest and flows southward through tropical rain forests and swamps to its delta in the Gulf of Guinea, Hausa 30%, Yoruba 15.5%, Igbo (Ibo) 15.2%, Fulani 6%, Tiv 2.4%, Kanuri/Beriberi 2.4%, Ibibio 1.8%, Ijaw/Izon 1.8%, other 24.9% (2018 est. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The United States established diplomatic relations with Nigeria in 1960, following Nigeria's independence from the United Kingdom. Nonetheless, Ibrahim Babangida handed over to a civilian government which was headed by Chief Ernest Shonekan on the 26thof August, 1993. In addition, Nigeria continues to experience longstanding ethnic and religious tensions. Provision and maintenance of public conveniences, and refuse disposal. Shehu Shagari wasnt killed but this coup led to the death of a loyal officer to the government in the person of Brigadier Ibrahim Bako. Major General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi was made the Head of the Federal Military Government of Nigeria, but was soon overthrown and murdered in a coup in July of the same year. )refined petroleum consumption: 483,100 bbl/day (2019 est. Your browser seems to have Javascript disabled. In 1990, another coup was staged to unseat the Military Head. Construction and maintenance of roads, street drains, parks, open spaces, and other public highways. The president appoints his ministers; and these ministers make up his cabinet. salary structure and wages, Government in all level must fight corrupt leaders, Immunity clause should be removed in the constitution of the federal Increase in the rate of crime in the country. Each state has a governor that can serve for 4 years in a term. The federal level is presided over by the President. This is an inter-service Operational Team, comprising members of the army, navy, and air force to combat terrorism in the Niger Delta. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. 0-14 years: 40.69% (male 47,978,838/female 45,940,446)15-64 years: 55.95% (male 64,923,147/female 64,241,948)65 years and over: 3.36% (2023 est.) The Supreme Court is presided over by the Chief Justice of Nigeria and 13 associate justices. The local government reforms of 1976 have been described as a landmark in the history of local government in Nigeria. )other: 12.5% (2018 est. In doing so, it played an appreciable part in reinforcing the military's nearly first-among-equals status within Nigerian society, and the linked decline in military effectiveness. It is the legislative branch at the state level of the Nigerian government structure. Cookies are small files that are stored on your browser. )female: 0.5% (2020 est. 1. [31] JTF HQ is located at Yenagoa. This led to the counter coup led by Muritala Muhammad. )exports: 27,509,177,000 cubic meters (2019 est. Might Interest You: History of Military Rule in Nigeria Causes and Impacts. )253.492 (2016 est. A law should be made to depoliticize the military and be completely separated from politics. [37] Charles Taylor was subsequently eased out of power and exiled to Nigeria. Quick Interesting Post: The History and Impacts of Military Rule in Nigeria. Nigeria has continued a strict policy of diversification in her military procurement from various countries. Suitable For: Students & Teachers The Council of States: This was an innovation introduced by Murtala Mohammed. [8] In the years following the civil war, the Nigerian Armed Forces were halved in size from its post-war height to approximately 125,000 men. Smaller army forces have been previously sent on UN and ECOWAS deployments in the former Yugoslavia, Guinea-Bissau, and Sierra Leone. The Nigerian government structure is styled into a federal system of government. )hydroelectricity: 21.7% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )investment in fixed capital: 14.8% (2017 est. The Chief Judge of each state is appointed by the governor of that state on the advice of the National Judicial Council and the State House of Assembly. Use our classwork notes and past questions to prepare and pass Waec, Jamb and Neco once. The senate president is assisted by the deputy senate president in the guidance and regulation of the proceedings in the senate. [20], Since its creation, the Nigerian military has fought in a civil war the conflict with Biafra in 196770 and sent peacekeeping forces abroad, both with the United Nations and as the backbone of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Cease-fire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) in Liberia and Sierra Leone. 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